{"id":695,"date":"2021-10-22T10:28:22","date_gmt":"2021-10-22T08:28:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greens-efa.eu\/opinions\/?p=695"},"modified":"2021-10-28T17:58:32","modified_gmt":"2021-10-28T15:58:32","slug":"facial-recognition-in-european-cities-what-you-should-know-about-biometric-mass-surveillance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greens-efa.eu\/opinions\/facial-recognition-in-european-cities-what-you-should-know-about-biometric-mass-surveillance\/","title":{"rendered":"Facial recognition in European cities &#8211; What you should know about biometric mass surveillance"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"boxed\">\n<p><strong>As an effort to promote privacy and human rights in the EU, we at Greens\/EFA got together with a team of international experts to understand where biometric mass surveillance, like facial recognition, is put to use this very moment in different European cities and states.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p><strong>Keep reading to find out what we learned, and why must take action to ban the use of these technologies now \u2013 before it is too late.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<h3 class=\"has-green-dark-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">Bye bye privacy &#8211; Current practices of biometric mass surveillance in the EU<\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>Biometric mass surveillance wrongfully reports large numbers of innocent citizens systematically discriminates against under-represented groups and has a chilling effect on a free and diverse society.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p><a><\/a>If not regulated, they have the potential to change our societies fundamentally. This is why <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greens-efa.eu\/dossier\/why-we-must-stop-biometric-surveillance-in-the-eu\/\">we must stop them before it\u2019s too late<\/a>. More and more people are standing up against the deployment of these technologies. In the United States, lawmakers have already started to impose bans on the use of some of the most invasive forms of algorithmic decision-making software: namely facial recognition technologies.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>In the European Union, on the other hand, governments are beginning to experiment with systems of facial recognition and other biometric mass surveillance technologies in public spaces. With the upcoming Artificial Intelligence Regulation, the European Union has the chance to safeguard our fundamental rights and to ban biometric surveillance technologies that magnify the discrimination that women, people of colour and other marginalised groups in the European Union already face today.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"lazyblock-box-2tIduS wp-block-lazyblock-box\"><div id=\"lazyblock-id-2tIduS\" class=\"boxed pull-sidebar\">\n  <div class=\"color-def content skew bg-yellow-to-pink\" style=\" max-width: 100%; margin-right: 0;\">\n    <div class=\"skew-reset\">\n      \n<div class=\"boxed\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is biometric mass surveillance?<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>Biometric mass surveillance is the monitoring, tracking, and otherwise processing of the biometric data of individuals or groups in an indiscriminate or arbitrarily targeted manner. Biometric data includes highly sensitive data about our body or behaviour. When used to scan everyone in public or publicly accessible spaces (a form of mass surveillance) biometric processing violates a wide range of fundamental rights.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n  #lazyblock-id-2tIduS .content {\n\t  color: #000;\n\t}\n<\/style><\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>We have long called for a ban on these highly intrusive and error-prone technologies in publicly accessible spaces. This week, we published a large study and mapping of the current practices in the EU, which shed light on how these privacy-infringing practices have already been put into use in cities, and even entire countries in the European Union. The study is online <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greens-efa.eu\/en\/article\/document\/biometric-and-behavioural-mass-surveillance-in-eu-member-states\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>here<\/strong><\/span><\/a><strong>, <\/strong>the pdf of the study can be found <a href=\"http:\/\/extranet.greens-efa.eu\/public\/media\/file\/1\/7297\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>here<\/strong><\/span><\/a> . <\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>The study also provides recommendations on how these technologies should be regulated.  The study also gives the reader a closer look at seven case studies of the use of biometric mass surveillance technologies in the EU.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>Keep reading to learn more about them!<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<h3 class=\"has-green-dark-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mapping Mass Surveillance &#8211; Can we still hide?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>Our map shows that different technologies are being tested or implemented across Member states, often without most citizens even knowing about it. Our lives are being tracked without our consent, and our personal data, also those of children and youth, saved without our knowledge.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p><em>What could this look like in real life? <\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>These seven cases below paint a daunting picture on the use of these technologies in cities across Europe. Let\u2019s have a closer look.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<h5 class=\"has-magenta-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">The Dragonfly project, Hungary (2019 \u2013 Present)<\/h5>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>Hungary\u2019s 35 000 CCTV cameras now operate as part of a single centralised searchable system, and its biometric databases have been connected, allowing police to identify any citizen from their face. The Hungarian Secret Services and police have already made use of the system, resulting in 6000 matches, 250 stop-and-searches and 4 arrests.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<h5 class=\"has-magenta-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mannheim , Germany<\/strong> (<strong>2018 \u2013 Present<\/strong>)<\/h5>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>In Mannheim, the local police installed cameras that were designed to record moving patterns of individuals, with software analysing the movement patterns for suspicious behaviour. The software reports numerous false positives, mistaking hugs for suspicious behaviour.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<h5 class=\"has-magenta-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>Nice, France<\/strong> (<strong>2017 \u2013 Present<\/strong>)<\/h5>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p><a><\/a>The Mayor of Nice sought to make it a \u201claboratory\u201d for testing biometric mass surveillance, investing heavily. The tests were criticised heavily by the French Data Protection Authority. Further deployments in schools, and through an app that allowed citizens to film other citizens were shut down following legal rulings against them.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<h5 class=\"has-magenta-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rotterdam, Netherlands<\/strong> (<strong>2019 \u2013 2021<\/strong>)<\/h5>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>In October 2019, a courtyard in a neighbourhood in Rotterdam was equipped with cameras and microphones designed to detect suspicious movement and trajectories and to react, influencing the behaviour of the suspect. The technology was unsuccessful, posed legal issues, and failed to reconcile privacy and efficiency. The test ended in 2021.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<h5 class=\"has-magenta-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>Brussels, Belgium<\/strong> (<strong>2017 &#8211; 2019<\/strong>)<\/h5>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>Brussels International Airport used four cameras connected to a facial recognition to capture and isolate faces, then check them against a blacklist. The technology was ineffective, with features such as skin colour or facial hair leading to numerous false positives. The system has since been suspended, as the system had been ruled to be operating without legal basis.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<h5 class=\"has-magenta-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hamburg, Germany<\/strong> (<strong>2017 &#8211; 2020<\/strong>)<\/h5>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>Hamburg Police began using facial recognition technology to profile protestors following the G20 protests. This resulted in a three-year legal battle with the Hamburg Data Protection Supervisor.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<h5 class=\"has-magenta-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>S\u00fcdkreuz, Germany<\/strong> (<strong>2017 \u2013 2018<\/strong>)<\/h5>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>At S\u00fcdkreuz Train Station in Berlin, German Federal Police used technology to match faces in CCTV footage with high quality photos of individuals. The test lasted until 2018 and was found to create a significant number of false positives.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p class=\"has-magenta-color has-text-color\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.greens-efa.eu\/biometricsurveillance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Find out if your city is on the map of biometric mass surveillance in the EU, by clicking here!<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<h3 class=\"has-green-dark-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\"><strong>Our demand is clear: Ban biometric mass surveillance now!<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p>We don\u2019t want to live in a society in which people are tracked, judged and classified based on their appearance and behaviour. This is what the research suggests:<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"lazyblock-border-box-21Jbd2 wp-block-lazyblock-border-box\"><div class=\"boxed\">\n  <div class=\"offset-border-bg skew\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"content skew\">\n    <div class=\"skew-reset\">\n      \n<div class=\"boxed\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>The EU should prohibit the deployment of both indiscriminate and \u201ctargeted\u201d Remote Biometric and Behavioural Identification technologies in public spaces, as well as ex-post identification.<\/strong> The analysis shows that both practices, even when used for \u201ctargeted surveillance\u201d amount to mass surveillance.<\/li><li><strong>The EU should strengthen transparency and promote the reinforcement of robust accountability mechanisms<\/strong> for biometric surveillance systems.<\/li><li><strong>The EU should promote individual rights under the GDPR<\/strong> through the promotion of digital-rights-by-design technologies, and <strong>ensure effective enforcement of GDPR purpose limitation.<\/strong><\/li><li>T<strong>he EU should support voices and organisations <\/strong>which are mobilised for the respect of EU fundamental rights. <strong>Supporting civil society organisations that operate in the sector of digital rights is instrumental <\/strong>for a healthy democratic debate and oversight. Civil society needs to be able to participate in all relevant legislative and other decision-making procedures.<\/li><li><strong>The EU should take into account the global dimension<\/strong> of the Biometric and Behavioural Analysis Technology Industry. EU policy needs to consider its impact both inside and outside of Europe.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p class=\"has-dark-color has-text-color\">We need the European Commission to impose a ban of biometric mass surveillance technologies throughout the European Union and to acknowledge the adverse effect of biometric surveillance methods on our fundamental rights. <\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"lazyblock-box-6nwGs wp-block-lazyblock-box\"><div id=\"lazyblock-id-6nwGs\" class=\"boxed pull-sidebar\">\n  <div class=\"color-def content skew \" style=\"background-color: #008200; max-width: 100%; \">\n    <div class=\"skew-reset\">\n      \n<div class=\"boxed\">\n<link href=\"https:\/\/actionnetwork.org\/css\/style-embed-whitelabel-v3.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text\/css\"><script src=\"https:\/\/actionnetwork.org\/widgets\/v4\/form\/stay-informed-get-the-latest-news-on-our-campaigns-7?format=js&amp;source=widget\"><\/script><div id=\"can-form-area-stay-informed-get-the-latest-news-on-our-campaigns-7\" style=\"width: 100%\"><!-- this div is the target for our HTML insertion --><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n  #lazyblock-id-6nwGs .content {\n\t  color: #fff;\n\t}\n<\/style><\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n\n<\/div><div class=\"boxed\">\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As an effort to promote privacy and human rights in the EU, we at Greens\/EFA got together with a team of international experts to understand where biometric mass surveillance, like facial recognition, is put to use this very moment in different European cities and states. <\/p>\n<p>Keep reading to find out what we learned, and why must take action to ban the use of these technologies now \u2013 before it is too late. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":702,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"mp_greens_extranet_document_id":9383,"mp_greens_extranet_translation_id":0,"mp_greens_extranet_lang":"en","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-allgemein"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Facial Recognition in European Cities - Read our new study - Greens\/EFA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Where is biometric mass surveillance, like facial recognition, put to use in Europe? 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